# AI w edukacji

EN: **AI in education** · id `aied` · aliases: AIED, AI in education, educational AI, edtech AI, sztuczna inteligencja w edukacji, AI w szkole

Path: [AI Atlas](https://aiatlasgraph.com/llms.txt) › AI w edukacji

## Description

- PL: Zastosowania AI w nauczaniu i uczeniu się: modelowanie wiedzy ucznia i analityka uczenia się, systemy tutorskie i personalizacja oraz automatyczne ocenianie i informacja zwrotna.
- EN: AI applied to teaching and learning: learner modelling and learning analytics, tutoring systems and personalisation, and automated assessment and feedback.

## In one sentence

- PL: Programy, które pomagają się uczyć i uczyć innych: tłumaczą krok po kroku, dobierają ćwiczenia, sprawdzają prace i ostrzegają, gdy ktoś zostaje w tyle.
- EN: Software that helps people learn and teach: it explains step by step, picks exercises, checks work and warns when someone is falling behind.

## Problem it solves

- PL: Jeden nauczyciel ma w klasie trzydzieści osób, każdą na innym poziomie, i nie zdąży każdej wytłumaczyć, sprawdzić ani zauważyć jej kłopotów.
- EN: One teacher faces thirty students, each at a different level, and cannot explain to, mark or notice the struggles of every one of them.

## What it does

- PL: Jak cierpliwy korepetytor przy każdym uczniu: pamięta, co już umie, podsuwa wskazówkę zamiast gotowej odpowiedzi i mówi nauczycielowi, komu pomóc.
- EN: Like a patient private tutor beside every student: it remembers what they know, offers a hint rather than the answer and tells the teacher who needs help.

## Everyday example

- PL: Uczeń utknął na zadaniu z ułamkami wieczorem w domu; aplikacja zadaje mu pytanie naprowadzające, a rano nauczycielka widzi, które zagadnienie sprawiło klasie kłopot.
- EN: A student is stuck on a fractions problem at home in the evening; the app asks a guiding question, and next morning the teacher sees which topic tripped up the class.

## This concerns you if you…

- PL: uczysz się sam z aplikacji lub kursu online
- PL: uczysz w szkole, na uczelni lub prowadzisz szkolenia
- PL: twoje dziecko odrabia lekcje z pomocą czatbota
- EN: study on your own with an app or online course
- EN: teach at a school or university, or run training
- EN: your child does homework with a chatbot's help

## Keywords

intelligent tutoring systems · knowledge tracing · learning analytics · educational data mining · automated essay scoring · LLM tutors · adaptive learning · spaced repetition · question generation · learning management system · item response theory · AIED · UNESCO AI guidance

## How it works

- PL: Systemy zbierają ślady pracy ucznia (odpowiedzi, czasy, logi platformy) i budują model jego wiedzy, który steruje doborem zadań i wskazówek. Duże modele językowe prowadzą dialog tutorski i generują ćwiczenia, a modele NLP oceniają teksty i odpowiedzi. Skutki dla uczenia się mierzy się eksperymentami, najlepiej randomizowanymi.
- EN: Systems collect traces of learner work (answers, timings, platform logs) and build a model of the learner's knowledge that drives task and hint selection. Large language models run tutoring dialogue and generate exercises, while NLP models score essays and answers. Learning impact is measured experimentally, ideally with randomised trials.

## Limits

- PL: Łatwo pomylić lepszy wynik podczas ćwiczeń z rzeczywistą nauką: bez ograniczeń narzędzie może odrabiać pracę za ucznia. Dane dotyczą często nieletnich, więc prywatność i zgoda są kluczowe. Modele przenoszą uprzedzenia z danych, a dowodów z długich badań wciąż jest mało.
- EN: It is easy to confuse better scores during practice with real learning: unrestricted, a tool can do the work for the student. Data often concern minors, so privacy and consent are critical. Models carry biases from their data, and long-term evidence remains scarce.

## Key terms

- PL: **model ucznia**: Szacunek, co dany uczeń już umie, a czego jeszcze nie.
- PL: **ITS**: Inteligentny system tutorski, prowadzący ucznia krok po kroku przez zadania.
- PL: **learning analytics**: Analiza danych o uczeniu się, by lepiej wspierać uczniów i kursy.
- PL: **scaffolding**: Stopniowe wsparcie, które wycofuje się, gdy uczeń radzi sobie sam.
- EN: **learner model**: An estimate of what a given student already knows and what not yet.
- EN: **ITS**: Intelligent tutoring system that guides a learner step by step through tasks.
- EN: **learning analytics**: Analysing learning data to better support students and courses.
- EN: **scaffolding**: Gradual support that is withdrawn as the learner copes alone.

## Know first

- [Prompty i kontekst (Prompting and context engineering)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/prompting.md)
- [Regresja liniowa i logistyczna (Linear and logistic regression)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/linearmodels.md)

## Subtopics (3 direct, 22 in total)

- [Automatyczne ocenianie i informacja zwrotna (Automated assessment and feedback)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/autoassessment.md): Automated scoring of essays and short answers, feedback generation, and creation of test questions and distractors.
  - [Automatyczna ocena wymowy (Automatic pronunciation assessment (CAPT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/pronunciationassess.md): Assessing language learners' pronunciation at the phone level and the prosodic level (stress, rhythm, intonation); the core of computer-assisted pronunciation training.
  - [Automatyczna ocena wypracowań (Automated essay scoring)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/aes.md): Predicting a holistic score or trait scores (coherence, argumentation, prompt adherence) for student-written texts.
    - [Automatyczne komentarze do wypracowań (Automated writing evaluation and feedback (AWE))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/awefeedback.md): Systems that generate feedback on learner writing (grammar, style, structure, and content), traditionally using rule-based and statistical methods; generative language models are being studied as a newer possibility.
  - [Automatyczne sprawdzanie krótkich odpowiedzi (Automatic short-answer grading)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/shortanswergrading.md): Scoring short text answers against a reference answer across subjects and grading scales.
  - [Automatyczne sprawdzanie zadań programistycznych (Automated grading and feedback for programming assignments)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/progautograding.md): Tools that assess the correctness and selected quality characteristics of student code through dynamic analysis (such as unit tests), static analysis, or comparison with reference solutions.
  - [Automatyczne tworzenie pytań i testów (Automatic question generation for education)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/questiongen.md): Generating questions (open, cloze, multiple-choice) and distractors from instructional text, with control over difficulty and cognitive level.
  - [Komputerowe testowanie adaptacyjne (CAT) (Computerized adaptive testing (CAT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/cat.md): A testing procedure that draws each next item from a calibrated bank to give the most information at the current ability estimate.
- [Modelowanie ucznia i analityka uczenia się (Learner modelling and learning analytics)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/learnermodeling.md): Models that estimate a learner's knowledge, engagement and risk of failure from answers, e-learning platform logs and study records.
  - [Teoria odpowiedzi na pozycje testowe (IRT) (Item response theory (IRT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/irt.md): A family of psychometric models describing the probability of a correct answer as a function of a person's latent ability and item parameters.
  - [Wczesne ostrzeganie o uczniach zagrożonych niepowodzeniem (Early warning: predicting at-risk students)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/atriskprediction.md): Classification and regression on LMS and student-record data to detect early the learners at risk of failing or dropping a course.
  - [Wykrywanie zaangażowania i emocji ucznia (Learner engagement and affect detection)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/engagementdetect.md): Detecting learner engagement and attempts to infer emotions from visual signals or behavior in a learning system.
  - [Śledzenie wiedzy ucznia (knowledge tracing) (Knowledge tracing)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/knowledgetracing.md): Modelling skill mastery as it changes over time from sequences of correct and incorrect answers; from BKT to deep models.
    - [Bayesowskie śledzenie wiedzy (BKT) (Bayesian knowledge tracing (BKT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/bkt.md): A hidden Markov model with a binary skill-mastery state and four parameters: prior knowledge, learning, guess and slip.
    - [Głębokie śledzenie wiedzy (DKT) (Deep knowledge tracing (DKT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/dkt.md): A recurrent network that predicts the probability of answering upcoming questions correctly from the sequence of a learner's past interactions.
    - [Śledzenie wiedzy z mechanizmem uwagi (SAKT, AKT) (Attention-based knowledge tracing (SAKT, AKT))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/attentionkt.md): A family of knowledge-tracing models in which self-attention weights past interactions by their relevance to the current question.
- [Systemy tutorskie i nauka dopasowana do ucznia (Intelligent tutoring and adaptive learning)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/tutoring.md): Systems that guide learners individually: classic ITS with domain and learner models, LLM-based tutors, support for live human tutors and review scheduling.
  - [Automatyczne generowanie podpowiedzi (Automatic hint generation)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/hintgen.md): Generating successive, increasingly specific hints in tutoring systems: from methods built on other learners' solutions to language models.
  - [Korepetytorzy na modelach językowych z zabezpieczeniami pedagogicznymi (LLM tutors with pedagogical guardrails)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/llmtutors.md): LLM-based tutors steered by pedagogical instructions and constraints (hints instead of answers, prepared solutions, scaffolding), judged by their effect on learning.
  - [Planowanie powtórek (spaced repetition) (Spaced repetition scheduling)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/spacedrepetition.md): Forgetting models trained on review history that predict, for each card, the probability of recall and set the next review date.
    - [Modele zapominania uczone z danych (Learned memory models for spaced repetition (HLR, FSRS))](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/forgettingmodels.md): Models that estimate recall probability as a function of time and memory state, with parameters fitted to review logs; the basis of modern review schedulers.
  - [Podpowiedzi AI dla nauczycieli i korepetytorów na żywo (Real-time AI guidance for human tutors)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/tutorcopilot.md): Human–AI systems in which a model, built on expert patterns, suggests strategies and replies to a tutor in real time.

## Related topics

Untyped, symmetric "see also" links.

- [AI w medycynie i ochronie zdrowia (AI in healthcare and medicine)](https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/healthai.md)

## Sources

- [Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators?](<https://educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0>) `zawacki-richter-aied-review-2019` · by Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Victoria I. Marín, Melissa Bond, Franziska Gouverneur
- [Generative AI without guardrails can harm learning: Evidence from high school mathematics](<https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2422633122>) `bastani-guardrails-2025` · by Hamsa Bastani, Osbert Bastani, Alp Sungu, Haosen Ge, Özge Kabakcı, Rei Mariman

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AI Atlas revision 122 (2026-10-30) · HTML: https://aiatlasgraph.com/t/aied · index: https://aiatlasgraph.com/llms.txt · everything: https://aiatlasgraph.com/llms-full.txt · updated 2026-10-30